{"id":26,"date":"2025-08-26T19:20:02","date_gmt":"2025-08-26T18:20:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alarigger.com\/?p=26"},"modified":"2025-08-26T19:20:02","modified_gmt":"2025-08-26T18:20:02","slug":"base-de-la-programmation-les-variables","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alarigger.com\/?p=26","title":{"rendered":"\ud83e\udd16 Bases de la programmation : Les Variables : introduction"},"content":{"rendered":"<!-- MetaSlider 750 not found -->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Simplement dit : Une variable est un bout d&#8217;espace m\u00e9moire dans la <strong>RAM<\/strong> avec une adresse. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc49 Si la RAM \u00e9tait un terrain constructible dont la surface correspond \u00e0 sa m\u00e9moire disponible, les variables seraient comme les maisons que l&#8217;on construit sur ce terrain. Lorsque l&#8217;on d\u00e9clare une variable on &#8220;r\u00e9serve&#8221; une adresse dans la m\u00e9moire avec un nom. Ensuite dans le code ce nom fera r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au contenu de la variable : sa <strong>valeur<\/strong>. C&#8217;est un peu comme si , vous habitiez au &#8220;<em>153 rue de paris<\/em>&#8221; et que l&#8217;on faisait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 vous comme &#8220;<em>la personne qui au habite au 153 rue de paris<\/em>&#8220;. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>D\u00e9clarer une variable<\/strong> : pour d\u00e9clarer une variable en javascript on utilise le mots cl\u00e9 <strong>var<\/strong> suivi du nom de la variable, ici <em>my_variable<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>\/\/ on d\u00e9clare l'adresse my_variable \nvar my_variable\n<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">\/\/ on d\u00e9clare l&#39;adresse my_variable <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">var<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">my_variable<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour assigner une valeur \u00e0 une variable on utilise l&#8217;<strong>op\u00e9rateur = <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>var my_variable = 10\n\/\/ la valeur de my_variable est \u00e9gale \u00e0 10\n\n<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">var<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">my_variable<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">10<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">\/\/ la valeur de my_variable est \u00e9gale \u00e0 10<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Appeler une variable<\/strong> : une foi que la variable est d\u00e9clar\u00e9e et qu&#8217;une valeur lui a \u00e9t\u00e9 assign\u00e9e, il devient possible de l&#8217;appeler. Appeler une variable veut dire lire sa valeur. Pour appeler une variable il suffit d&#8217;\u00e9crire son nom. Par exemple en utilisant la fonction d&#8217;affichage d&#8217;Harmony on peut afficher le contenu de <em>my_variable<\/em> qui est \u00e9gal \u00e0 10 plutot que d&#8217;afficher directement la valeur 10  : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>var my_variable = 10\nMessageBox.information(10)\nMessageBox.information(my_variable )\n\/\/ affiche 10 puis 10<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">var<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">my_variable<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">10<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">MessageBox<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">information<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">MessageBox<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">information<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">my_variable<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> )<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">\/\/ affiche 10 puis 10<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Changer la valeur d&#8217;une variable<\/strong> : pour cela il suffit de lui r\u00e9assigner une nouvelle valeur avec le signe \u00e9gal <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>var A = 10\nA = 15\n\nMessageBox.information(A)\n\/\/ affiche 15<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">var<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">A<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">10<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">A<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">15<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">MessageBox<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">information<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">A<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">\/\/ affiche 15<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On peut egalement \u00e0 l&#8217;aide du signe \u00e9gal transf\u00e9rer une valeur d&#8217;une variable \u00e0 une autre : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>var A = 10\nvar B = A\n\nMessageBox.information(A)\nMessageBox.information(B)\n\/\/ affiche 10 puis 10<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">var<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">A<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">10<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">var<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">B<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> = <\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">A<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">MessageBox<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">information<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">A<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">MessageBox<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">information<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">B<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">\/\/ affiche 10 puis 10<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Attention \u00e0 bien respecter l&#8217;ordre d&#8217;execution !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>var A = 10\n\nMessageBox.information(B)\n\nvar B = 20\n\n\/\/ ce code renvoi une erreur car B est appel\u00e9 AVANT d'\u00eatre d\u00e9clar\u00e9 ! <\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">var<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">A<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">10<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">MessageBox<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">information<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">B<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">var<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">B<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">20<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">\/\/ ce code renvoi une erreur car B est appel\u00e9 AVANT d&#39;\u00eatre d\u00e9clar\u00e9 ! <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les Constantes : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il existe une deuxi\u00e8me type de variable qu&#8217;on nomme constante, qui, comme son nom l&#8217;indique ne peut pas changer. Si vous \u00eates sur qu&#8217;une variable va \u00eatre seulement <em>lue<\/em> et jamais <em>\u00e9crite <\/em>au cour du code, il est int\u00e9ressant de la d\u00e9clarer en type <em>constante<\/em> car celui ci est plus l\u00e9gers \u00e0 traiter pour le processeur (la maison prend moins de place..) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>D\u00e9clarer une constante <\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">pour d\u00e9clarer une constante on utilise le mots cl\u00e9 <strong>&#8220;const&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>const vitesse_de_la_lumiere = 299 792 458 \/\/ mettres par secondes\n\n\/\/ si on essaye de changer une constante\nvitesse_de_la_lumiere = 10\n\n\/\/ cela renvoie normalement une erreur ... \n<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">const<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">vitesse_de_la_lumiere<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">299<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">792<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">458<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">\/\/ mettres par secondes<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">\/\/ si on essaye de changer une constante<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">vitesse_de_la_lumiere<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">10<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">\/\/ cela renvoie normalement une erreur ... <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Les types de Valeurs : <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il existe plusieurs type de valeurs : <strong>int , float , string , array , object <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le type va d\u00e9terminer comment les valeurs interagissent entre elles quand on les manipule avec des <strong>op\u00e9rateurs<\/strong> ( <strong>+ , &#8211; , * , \/ , % <\/strong>) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&#8217;op\u00e9rateur <strong>+<\/strong> par exemple ne va pas du tout produire la m\u00eame chose si on l&#8217;applique \u00e0 des <strong>int <\/strong>ou \u00e0 des <strong>string <\/strong>(cha\u00eenes de charact\u00e8re)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#1E1E1E\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#D4D4D4;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>var A =1\nvar B = 2\nvar result = A+B \nMessageBox.information(result )\n\/\/ affiche 3\n\nA = \"1\"\nB = \"2\"\nresult = A+B \nMessageBox.information(result )\n\/\/ affiche \"12\"<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki dark-plus\" style=\"background-color: #1E1E1E\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">var<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">A<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> =<\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">1<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">var<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">B<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> = <\/span><span style=\"color: #B5CEA8\">2<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #569CD6\">var<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">result<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> = <\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">A<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">B<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">MessageBox<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">information<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">result<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> )<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">\/\/ affiche 3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">A<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> = <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&quot;1&quot;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">B<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> = <\/span><span style=\"color: #CE9178\">&quot;2&quot;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">result<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> = <\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">A<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #4FC1FF\">B<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">MessageBox<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #DCDCAA\">information<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9CDCFE\">result<\/span><span style=\"color: #D4D4D4\"> )<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A9955\">\/\/ affiche &quot;12&quot;<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alarigger.com\/2025\/08\/26\/bases-de-la-programmation-les-variable-int-et-float\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"67\">Suite &gt;&gt;<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Simplement dit : Une variable est un bout d&#8217;espace m\u00e9moire dans la RAM avec une adresse. \ud83d\udc49 Si la RAM \u00e9tait un terrain constructible dont la surface correspond \u00e0 sa m\u00e9moire disponible, les variables seraient comme les maisons que l&#8217;on construit sur ce terrain. Lorsque l&#8217;on d\u00e9clare une variable on &#8220;r\u00e9serve&#8221; une adresse dans la [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,4,28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bases_programmation","category-cour","category-variables"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alarigger.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alarigger.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alarigger.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alarigger.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alarigger.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alarigger.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alarigger.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alarigger.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alarigger.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}